However, it contains about 15 per cent of the isotope 107Pd. It has been forecast that fission palladium will be produced by 1990 at a rate equal to that of natural palladium (70,000 ounces troy in the U.S.A. Hence, with world production of platinum group metals probably exceeding 4,000,000 ounces this year, something of the order of 1,800,000 ounces of palladium will be mined. Russian deposits appear to yield more palladium than platinum South African deposits yield about one ounce of palladium for three of platinum. However, the demand for platinum, which is only available from natural sources, is rising at a similar rate and mining operations for platinum yield enough associated palladium to meet the increased demand. World usage has climbed from half a million ounces troy in 1962 to more than one million ounces troy per annum at present and the demand shows no sign of abating. Palladium has its principal use in electrical contacts but it is also important for catalysts and for alloys used in the diffusion purification of hydrogen. Of the platinum group metals only ruthenium, palladium and rhodium are produced in significant amounts during the nuclear fission of uranium and plutonium. Much of the quantitative information supporting these conclusions has been published previously ( 3, 5) but we will repeat salient points and give some new data based on studies made by the Urited Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority ( 6), to whom we are grateful for discussions. The cost of recovering fission products and of decontaminating them (so far as may be possible) is likely to be high since the processing must eliminate any risks of the escape of very dangerous wastes in any form whatsoever.įor some years industrial demand has been for more platinum in matching this demand by mining natural ores there has been a more than adequate generation of the associated metals of the group. Radioactive contamination of this recycled pool would introduce irreversible hazards. The platinum group metals are not destroyed in industrial use but are recycled many times through the refineries. There are adequate mineral reserves under development and the recovery of fission products is not therefore imperative.
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Raghda hopes to use her PhD for future creative inspiration. Associate Professor Paul Thomas (Artist, UNSW Art & Design) and Professor Andrea Morello (Quantum Physicist, UNSW Engineering) will discuss and present. But I do think that art and creative media can help people get a little bit of intuition into some difficult concepts.” “I don’t think it is possible to fully explain something scientific through just one piece of artwork. Raghda hopes that both her research and her art practice can help elucidate scientific concepts that are difficult to understand. “I am looking at this from the lens of a nuclear physicist, investigating the nucleus that the dark matter particle is going to scatter off.” “We want to try and detect a dark matter particle interacting with a nucleus and giving off a signal. However, we do know that dark matter has mass and impacts the way galaxies are formed.Īustralia is playing a leading role in the global hunt for dark matter, with the Stawell Underground Physics Laboratory, located in a gold mine one kilometre underground. “For me, red represents this red shifting phenomenon, with the darker reds representing greater expansion.”ĭark matter is like dark energy, in that scientists can measure its impact on the universe, but we haven’t been able to detect or observe it directly. Raghda uses a range of red tones and gradients to explore this mystery through art. This indicates that the universe is expanding at an accelerated rate.” “If we look at a faraway galaxy or faraway supernova, we can see that over time, the spectrum of light is red shifted. Now she is part of the ARC Centre of Excellence for Dark Matter Particle Physics, where she is helping to unlock one of the greatest mysteries of our universe, by theorising how dark matter particles could interact with the nucleus of an atom.ĭark matter and dark energy represent the part of the Universe that we can’t see – which, combined, is 95 per cent of it.ĭark energy drives the accelerated expansion of our universe, Raghda explains. “I love the creative liberty of choosing how to represent a scientific idea.”īefore arriving at The Australian National University Research School of Physics, Raghda explored the connections between art and science through undergraduate degrees in fine arts and advanced science. “I’m exploring the repulsive energy that is responsible for the universe expanding at an accelerated rate. “This painting is part of a dark energy-inspired series,” she says, as she makes another deliberate stroke of the paintbrush on her canvas. And not just for her PhD research in nuclear physics. Raghda Abdel Khaleq spends a lot of time contemplating the unknown sector of our universe. Just wait for the setup program to extract package installer files. It was an extra installation step that has been removed. Previously, it was necessary to choose the latest patch from a list of additional tasks. Make sure you allow vDos to patch and update to the most recent version of vDos during the installation. The installation process is easy – open the installer and follow the instructions. If you want to install vDos, head to the vDos download page and download the installation program. You can also use vDosPlus, a fork of vDos, although vDos receives far more regular updates. DOSBOX is an alternative, primarily designed for playing old DOS games, something that vDos can’t do. VDos isn’t the only DOS emulator in town, however. It adds network and printer support, provides clipboard access and allows direct access to your system files. When you run DOS software through vDos, it’ll load in its own window. Now supports concurrent 32-bit and 64-bit applications.VDos is a third-party DOS emulator that replaces Windows’ own NTVDM technology. As you repeatedly execute complex attacks, watch as your opponents’ mouths drop in amazement!īlueStacks 5 requires a PC or Mac with at least 4 GB of RAM. Simply record a series of actions, then play them back using a single keystroke. Easy video production and distribution is in your near future.īlueStacks uses Macros to assist you in becoming a top-tier gamer. This useful tool allows gameplay to be captured and stored in a common video format. Created in 1996 by Activision and based on the movie of the same name, this game has you play the role of Jim Hawkins as you join the Muppets on a voyage to find a pirate’s buried treasure, and features additional live-action performances by Billy Connolly and Tim Curry. Intent on displaying your progress as a performer? Afterward, you need to download BlueStacks and turn on the recording function. Muppet Treasure Island, the second mTropolis game playable in ScummVM, is ready for public testing. No more FPS drops, no matter how your PC is configured. Simply enable Eco Mode in BlueStacks to lower CPU and GPU use by up to 87% and 97%, respectively. If so, you don’t have to give up fluid gaming. Maybe the hardware in your PC isn’t up to date. For a more fluid gaming experience at any resolution, BlueStacks can cut memory usage by as much as half compared to its competitors. When compared to rival app players, BlueStacks stands out for having a comparatively low memory footprint. Get BlueStacks today and see how much more fun it is to play Android games using a mouse, keyboard, or gamepad. You can also add your platform friends and other Destiny 2 players to your Bungie Friends list to stay in touch, see who’s online, and join them in-game.ĭownload Destiny 2 Companion on PC with BlueStacks and always be in the know.īlueStacks is an app player that lets you enjoy over 2 million Android games on your PC or Mac. In addition, the Fireteams feature allows you to search and filter fireteams by activity type and find a team to play with now or create your own. You can also stay connected with your clanmates through text chat on dedicated channels. The Clan feature allows you to create and manage your own Clan or join an existing one, with a shared identity and rewards. Minimal Linux with busybox, Lua, tests, internet access, ping, telnet and curl. Graphical Linux with 2.4 kernel, Firefox 2.0 and more. You can also view your current rank for seasonal rewards, acquire bounties, claim rewards from the previous season, and inspect vendors for available items. A complete Arch Linux restored from a snapshot, additional files are loaded as needed. With the Director feature, you can keep up with the latest featured content, track your progress towards bounties, quests, and challenges, and discover live events and activities in the game. You can also access your Triumphs, Collections, Stat Trackers, and Game History. You can sign in to the app using your PlayStation Network, Xbox Live, Steam, or Stadia account.Īs a Guardian, you can use the app to inspect and manage all of your favorite weapons and armor, view item stats and perks, and transfer equipment between your characters and the vault. This is the perfect companion for your Destiny adventure, whether you’re on the go or at home. BlueStacks app player is the best platform to play this Android game on your PC or Mac for an immersive gaming experience. Destiny 2 Companion is a Casual game developed by Bungie, Inc. (2003), An updated digital model of plate boundaries, Geochem., Geophys., Geosys., 4, 1027.īird, P. (1998), Testing hypotheses on plate-driving-mechanism with global lithosphere models including topography, thermal structure, and faults, J. (1996), Computer simulations of Alaskan neotectonics, Tectonics, 15, 225–236.īird, P. (1979), Continental delamination and the Colorado plateau, J. (1978b), Initiation of intracontinetal subduction in the Himalaya, J. (1978a), Finite element modeling of lithosphere deformation: The Zagros collision orogeny, Tectonphys., 50, 307–336.īird, P. (1998), Seismotectonics of the central part of the South Iceland Seismic Zone, Tectonophys., 298, 319–335.īird, P. (2000), The South Iceland Seismic Zone: tectonic and seismotectonic analyses revealing the evolution from rifting to transform motion, J. Examples in the South Iceland Seismic Zone, Comp. (2001), Historical seismicity in Iceland: geological aspects, environmental and social impacts. (2012), Reversed-polarity secondary deformation structures near fault stepovers, J. Inst., Alexandria, VA 1987), 788 p.īen-Zion, Y., Rockwell, T.K., Zheqiang, S., Shiqing, X. Wrench faults in limestone layers, Tectonophys., 79, 255–277.īates, R.L., and Jackson, J.A., Glossary of geology-3rd edition (Amer. (1981), Experimental folding and faulting of rocks under confining pressure, Part IX. (1954), Scale model reproduction of tension faults, Amer. (1990), Effect of mechanical interaction on the development of strike–slip fault with en échelon patterns, J. (1982), Number and orientation of fault sets in the field and in experiments, Geol., 19, 107–112.Īydin, A., and Schultz, R.A. (1988), Evolution of polygonal fracture patterns in lava flows, Science, 239, 471–476.Īydin, A., and Reches, Z. (2006), Initiation and development of pull-apart basins with Riedel shear mechanism: insights from scaled clay experiments, Int. (2001), Present tectonic motion across the Coast Ranges and San Andreas fault system in central California, Geo. (1988), Shear-zone geometries in experimentally deformed clays: the influence of water content, strain rate and primary fabric, J. Geol., 18, 1061–1077.Īngelier, J., Fault slip analysis and paleostress reconstruction, In Continental Deformation (ed., Hancock, P.L.) (Pergamon Press, Oxford 1994), pp. (1996), Development of strike–slip faults: shear experiments in granular materials and clay using a new technique, J. Fault zone development observed in these experiments provides new insight for kinematic interpretation of structural data from strike–slip fault zones on Earth, Venus, and other terrestrial bodies.Īn, L.-J., and Sammis, C.G. A lower limit is placed on shear offset necessary to produce a throughgoing fault in systems containing preexisting structures. Experimental results suggest that preexisting mechanical discontinuities (faults and/or joints) have a marked effect on the geometry of such systems, causing deflection, lateral distribution, and suppression of shears. We present a new plane-stress finite-strain physical analog model developed to investigate primary deformation zone evolution in simple shear, pure strike–slip fault systems in which faults or joints are present before shear initiation. However, for materials and/or regions that contain crustal heterogeneities (normal and/or thrust faults, joints, etc.) that predate shear deformation, kinematic evolution of strike–slip faulting is poorly constrained. For intact materials and/or regions, a standard sequence of shear development is predicted from physical models and field studies, commencing with the formation of Riedel shears and culminating with the development of a throughgoing fault. Strike–slip faults are a defining feature of plate tectonics, yet many aspects of their development and evolution remain unresolved. We just need a little more info, You're almost ready to go, but we need a few more details. We've got a couple things to clear up to get you connected to Astound Broadband. WaveDivision Holdings, LLC Grande Communications Networks, LLC. It looks like the address you provided has a special price agreement with Astound Broadband powered by RCN Telecom Services, LLC. Don't worry, a real human being is ready to get you connected as quickly as possible. You're almost ready to go, but we need a few more details. Get ready to experience faster, easier, more reliable service than you ever thought possible-please call 1-83 to get connected. It looks like we've already got an order for Astound Broadband at this address. It looks like Astound Broadband isn't available in your area yet. Apply today for the Affordable Connectivity Program (ACP). The two hoped to revamp the island and have puzzles that guests could solve as they explored, but this never got past the concept stage. The only hope so far for the island to see the light of day again was a team up between Disney and the creators of the video game Myst. This is made even spookier by the fact that Disney has kept all of the lights on in the park, giving it the appearance that it’s still running. Nearly 20 years after its closure, all original buildings and attractions on the island have remained, sustaining major damage from hurricanes and decay. Perhaps the most fascinating, and haunting, aspect of Discovery Island is the abandoned state that Disney has left it in. This was supposedly due to a deadly bacteria found in the water called naegleria fowleri, however there was only ever one proven case of this occurring at the park. Interestingly enough, the other island park that Disney ran called “River Country,” which was very close by to Discovery Island, ended up closing two years later in 2001. The combination of low attendance, high maintenance costs, accessibility only via boats, and Animal Kingdom’s opening led to Discovery Island’s closure on April 8 th, 1999, exactly 25 years after it’s opening. The final blow to Discovery Island was most likely the opening of Disney’s newest park in 1998: Animal Kingdom. A two-month investigation into this resulted in 16 state and federal charges, which Disney settled out of court by paying $95,000.Īlthough the bad press from this incident was damaging, the park managed to stay open for ten more years. Disney was accused of having its employees enact bird abuse on several counts across the park. Discovery Island had a wide variety of wildlife to see, such as flamingos, pelicans, peacocks, eagles, swans, and even alligators.Īlthough Discovery Island never came close to the popularity and success of Disney’s other parks at the time, things really made a turn for the worse when they came under fire for their alleged treatment of the wildlife. Housing around 600 birds, the park featured a walk-in aviary, bird shows, and a flamingo pool. It would now focus on the wildlife aspect of the park, to the point where it was recognized as a zoological park by the American Zoo and Aquarium Association. It wasn’t until 1978 when Disney decided to rebrand Treasure Island, opening it back up as “Discovery Island” and removing any remnants of the original pirate theming. However, this all changed when plans to bring in a vast array of tropical birds came to fruition and the island transformed from a pirate’s dream to a tropical paradise. Originally based on the 1950 adventure film Treasure Island, this park featured pirate theming strewn across the island. On April 8 th, 1974, Disney’s newest park called “Treasure Island,” located on the 11.5-acre island in Bay Lake, Florida, opened to the public. But, there may be a darker side to the “Most Magical Place on Earth.” Only 300 feet away from the city’s shore, abandoned park Discovery Island lays untouched and overgrown in Bay Lake, chock full of tropical vegetation and wildlife that has been left to its own devices for years. Walt Disney World has always had a global reputation for impeccable attention to detail and maintenance of the magic throughout their parks. His non-aligned party is overwhelmingly popular in both scenarios, but that popularity wanes slightly in favor of the fascist party in 1939, which, like the remaining political parties in Afghanistan, has a generic name and randomized leader.Īfghanistan has 8 militia (3 Infantry and 3 Cavalry each) and 1 Royal Guards division (3 Infantry, 6 Cavalry, and 1 Light Tank).Īir Force No Fighters Civilian to Military factory conversion cost: −20.00%Īt the start of both the 19 scenario, Mohammed Zahir Shah of the Barakzai royal family is the leader of Afghanistan.Party Popularity Stability Modifier: +10%.Foreign subversive activities efficiency: −30%.If you spot a mistake then you are welcome to fix it. National focus Main article: Generic national focus treeĪfghanistan is not a major country and therefore shares the common generic focus tree which covers five areas: Army, Aviation, Navy, Industry, and Politics.Īs a non-aligned country, Afghanistan has positive relationships with other non-aligned countries ( +20), except the following ( +10): He abandoned the reforms of Amanullah Khan in favor of a more gradual approach to modernisation but was assassinated in 1933 by Abdul Khaliq, a Hazara school student.Mohammed Zahir Shah, Nadir Shah's 19-year-old son, succeeded to the throne and reigned from 1933 to 1973.Īfghanistan maintained its neutrality in WW2.Īfghanistan starts with no national spirits. Prince Mohammed Nadir Shah, Amanullah's cousin, in turn defeated and killed Kalakani in November 1929, and was declared King Nadir Shah. Faced with overwhelming armed opposition, Amanullah Khan was forced to abdicate in January 1929 after Kabul fell to rebel forces led by Habibullah Kalakani. The reforms quickly alienated many tribal and religious leaders. He moved to end his country's traditional isolation by establishing diplomatic relations with the international community and, following a 1927–28 tour of Europe and Turkey, introduced several reforms intended to modernize his nation The United Kingdom began to exercise a great deal of influence after this and even controlled the state's foreign policy.Īfter the Third Anglo-Afghan War and the signing of the Treaty of Rawalpindi in 1919, King Amanullah Khan declared Afghanistan a sovereign and fully independent state. They returned during the Second Anglo-Afghan War in the late 1870s for about two years to assist Abdur Rahman Khan defeat Ayub Khan. In the late 19th century, Afghanistan became a buffer state in the "Great Game" between British India and the Russian Empire.įollowing the 1842 defeat of the British-Indian forces and victory of the Afghans, the British established diplomatic relations with the Afghan government and withdrew all forces from the country. The political history of the modern state of Afghanistan began with the Hotak and Durrani dynasties in the 18th century. The fragmented condition of the piece includes a few words that indicate at least one more stanza followed. The program has a very stylish graphic shell and is available for mobile platforms. Sappho, in contrast, is a physical, mental and emotional wreck. Psiphon supports all web browsers and modern versions of Windows. that utilizes VPN, SSH and HTTP Proxy technology to provide you with uncensored access to Internet content. 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